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Cervical cancer mostly occurs in women who are in their 30s or 40s. This cancer is steadily growing in India and so it is important to create an awareness to prevent cervical cancer. Dr J.B. Sharma, Senior Consultant of Medical Oncology from Delhi's Action Cancer Hospital says that ?vaccination can prevent one from getting this deadly disease.?
What is Cervical Cancer?
A cervical tumour starts from one abnormal cell. The exact reason why a cell becomes cancerous and multiplies ?out of control? is still unclear. The initial ?pre-cancerous? abnormality of cervical cells is usually caused by a prior infection with Human Papilloma Virus (HPV). Smoking, poor immune system and oral contraceptive pills can cause cervical cancer.
Cervical Cancer Symptoms:
Abnormal vaginal bleeding is the most common symptom of cervix cancer. It is important that you promptly report any abnormal vaginal bleeding (bleeding in between periods, heavy periods, bleeding after intercourse) or vaginal discharge to a doctor.
There are two main types of cervical cancer:
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- Squamous cell cervical cancer is the most common. This develops when a skin-like cell (a squamous cell) that covers the cervix, becomes cancerous.
- Adenocarcinoma cervical cancer is less common. This develops when a glandular cell (a cell that makes mucus) within the cervical canal, becomes cancerous.
In regards to the vaccination and the effectiveness of preventing cervical cancer, Dr J.B. Sharma explains, ?In many cases, almost all cervical cancer is caused by a virus called HPV (human papillomavirus) that is spread through skin-to-skin contact and sex. Vaccines that prevent people from getting infected with HPV are now available. These vaccines are available for both men and women and works best if a person receives it before he or she begins engaging in sexual activity. These available vaccines target only a few strains of virus, which gives protection upto 90-95 percent but not 100 percent. For example there are two vaccines available in the market:
Gardasil: a quadrivalent HPV vaccine, which targets HPV types 6, 11, 16, and 18.
Cervarix: a bivalent vaccine that targets HPV types 16 and 18.
*Images courtesy: ? Thinkstock photos/ Getty Images
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